TEXT OF A LETTER FROM THE PRESIDENT TO THE SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AND
THE PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE OF THE SENATE

March 18, 2003

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:)

Consistent with section 3(b) of the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002 (Public Law
107-243), and based on information available to me, including that in the enclosed document, I determine that:

(1) reliance by the United States on further diplomatic and other peaceful means alone will neither (A) adequately protect the
national security of the United States against the continuing threat posed by Iraq nor (B) likely lead to enforcement of all
relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions regarding Iraq; and

(2) acting pursuant to the Constitution and Public Law 107-243 is consistent with the United States and other countries
continuing to take the necessary actions against international terrorists and terrorist organizations, including those nations,
organizations, or persons who planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11,
2001.

Sincerely,

GEORGE W. BUSH